Android Studio is Google's official integrated development environment (IDE) for the Android operating system. It is based on JetBrains' IntelliJ IDEA software and is developed exclusively for Android programming. In 2020, it will be accessible for download on Windows, macOS, and Linux-based operating systems, or as a subscription-based service. It is the major IDE for native Android application development, replacing the Eclipse Android Development Tools (E-ADT).
On May 16, 2013, at the Google I/O conference, Google revealed Android Studio. Starting with version 0.1 in May 2013, it was in early access preview mode, then moved to beta mode with version 0.8, which was launched in June 2014. Starting with version 1.0, the first stable build was released in December 2014.
Kotlin supplanted Java as Google's preferred language for Android app development on May 7, 2019. Java and C++ are still supported.
The Main Feature of Android Studio:
The lack of the ability to turn off the auto-save feature is a unique characteristic of the Android Studio.
The current stable version includes the following features:
- Support for Gradle-based builds
- Refactoring for Android and fast fixes
- Performance, usability, version compatibility, and other issues are caught using lint tools.
- Integration and app-signing capabilities with ProGuard
- Wizards based on templates for creating standard Android designs and components
- Users may drag-and-drop UI components in a powerful layout editor, and layouts can be previewed on numerous screen configurations.
- Building Android Wear apps is now possible.
- Google Cloud Platform compatibility is built-in, allowing connection with Firebase Cloud Messaging (formerly 'Google Cloud Messaging') and Google App Engine.
- In the Android studio, use the Android Virtual Device (Emulator) to execute and debug apps.
Android Studio 3.0 or later supports Kotlin and "all Java 7 language features and a subset of Java 8 language features that vary by platform version," as well as "all Java 7 language features and a subset of Java 8 language features that vary by platform version." Some Java 9 features have been backported by external projects. Although IntelliJ claims that Android Studio supports all available Java versions as well as Java 12, it is unclear to what extent Android Studio supports Java versions up to Java 12. (the documentation mentions partial Java 8 support). In Android, at least some new language features up to Java 12 are available.
An app can be published on the Google Play Store after it has been compiled with Android Studio. The application must adhere to the Google Play Store's developer content guidelines.
History of the various versions of Android Studio:
The following is a list of Android Studio's main releases:
| Version | Release date |
|---|---|
| Arctic Fox (2020.3.1) | July 2021 |
| 4.2 | May 2021 |
| 4.1 | Oct 2020 |
| 4.0 | May 2020 |
| 3.6 | February 2020 |
| 3.5 | August 2019 |
| 3.4 | April 2019 |
| 3.3 | January 2019 |
| 3.2 | September 2018 |
| 3.1 | March 2018 |
| 3.0 | October 2017 |
| 2.3 | March 2017 |
| 2.2 | September 2016 |
| 2.1 | April 2016 |
| 2.0 | April 2016 |
| 1.5 | November 2015 |
| 1.4 | September 2015 |
| 1.3 | July 2015 |
| 1.2 | April 2015 |
| 1.1 | February 2015 |
| 1.0 | December 2014 |
Android Studio's minimum system requirements:
| Microsoft Windows | Mac | Linux | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Operating System Version | Microsoft® Windows® 7/8/10 (32- or 64-bit) The Android Emulator only supports 64-bit Windows. | Mac® OS X® 10.10 (Yosemite) or higher, up to 10.14 (macOS Mojave) | GNOME or KDE desktop Tested on gLinux based on Debian (4.19.67-2rodete2). |
| Random Access Memory (RAM) | 4 GB RAM minimum; 8 GB RAM recommended. | ||
| Free digital storage | 2 GB of available digital storage minimum, 4 GB Recommended (500 MB for IDE + 1.5 GB for Android SDK and emulator system image). | ||
| Minimum required JDK version | Java Development Kit 8 | ||
| Minimum screen resolution | 1280 x 800 | ||
The Android Emulator has additional needs in addition to the Android Studio system requirements, which are listed below:
- SDK Tools 26.1.1 or higher;
- 64-bit processor;
- Windows: CPU with UG (unrestricted guest) support;
- Intel Hardware Accelerated Execution Manager (HAXM) 6.2.1 or later;
- SDK Tools 26.1.1 or higher;
- (HAXM 7.2.0 or later recommended).
On Windows and Linux, there are extra prerequisites for using hardware acceleration:
- Intel CPU with support for Intel VT-x, Intel EM64T (Intel 64), and Execute Disable (XD) Bit capability on Windows or Linux: Intel processor with support for Intel VT-x, Intel EM64T (Intel 64), and Execute Disable (XD) Bit functionality;
- AMD processors on Linux: AMD processors with AMD Virtualization (AMD-V) and Supplemental Streaming SIMD Extensions 3 (SSSE3) support;
- AMD processors on Windows: Android Studio 3.2 or higher, as well as Windows 10 April 2018 version or higher for Windows Hypervisor Platform (WHPX) capabilities.
An associated webcam must be capable of capturing 720p frames in order to work with Android 8.1 (API level 27) and higher system pictures.
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